In collaboration with local partners and our project partner Civil Liberties Union Europe, we carried out digital research reports on civic space in Croatia, Hungary, Italy and Sweden, funded by the EU under the CERV programme. Each study examines how civic space is understood and contested on Facebook, mapping key narratives and identifying different audience groups. The main goal was to better understand middle audiences, while also gathering insights from opposition and supporter groups. Beyond civic space itself, the reports also explore connected issues integral to democratic life — including migration, citizenship, and racism — to reveal how these debates shape public perceptions and civil society’s role. Together, the findings provide valuable insights to strengthen communication strategies that protect and expand civic freedoms across Europe.